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Rafael de Izquierdo y Gutiérrez
Rafael Gerónimo Cayetano Izquierdo y Gutiérrez (September 30, 1820 – November 9, 1883)〔〔 was a Spanish Military Officer, politician, and statesman. He served as Governor-General of the Philippines from April 4, 1871 to January 8, 1873. He was famous for his use of "Iron Fist" type of government, contradicting the liberal government of his predecessor, Carlos María de la Torre y Nava Cerrada. He was the Governor-General during the 1872 Cavite mutiny which led to execution of 41 of the mutineers, including the Gomburza martyrs. Izquierdo also acted as Governor-General of Puerto Rico〔 from March 1862 to April 1862.
==Early life==
Izquierdo was born on September 30, 1820 in Santander, Spain to Antonio Izquierdo del Monte and Antonia Gutiérrez de la Cámara. He was baptized Rafael Gerónimo Cayetano by Isidro Sánchez on the same day.〔〔
Entering as a cadet in the regiment of infantry of Gerona, Rafael Izquierdo reached the military rank of captain〔(Guía de forasteros en Madrid para el año de 1861 ).〕〔Emma Helen Blair, James Alexander Robertson: (The Philippine Islands 1493-1898 ).〕 by the age of 17 when he participated in the First Carlist War in Navarre. At the start of the Second Carlist War which took place in Africa, Izquierdo was already a lieutenant colonel and at the end of the war brigadier general. He was then assigned to Lugo, Spain as military governor in 1861. The following year he was assigned as lieutenant-general to Puerto Rico before becoming an interim Governor-General when Rafael Echagüe y Bermingham vacated the position. Izquierdo then went back to Spain until in 1868 when he supported the revolution in Andalusia〔Gregorio de la Fuente Monge: (Los revolucionarios de 1868: élites y poder en la España liberal ).〕 and was tasked as deputy for Malaga and Alicante〔Congreso de los Diputados de España: (Archivo histórico de diputados ).〕 in 1869 until 1871.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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